Keterkaitan Kondisi Gizi dengan Aspek Pembelajaran Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis dan Analisis Bibliometrik (2021–2026)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/anthor.v5i4.1186Keywords:
Kondisi Gizi, Pembelajaran, Siswa Sekolah Dasar, Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis, Analisis BibliometrikAbstract
Permasalahan gizi pada siswa sekolah dasar tidak hanya berkaitan dengan kesehatan, tetapi juga berpotensi memengaruhi kesiapan dan capaian pembelajaran. Namun, bukti empiris mengenai keterkaitan kondisi gizi dengan berbagai aspek pembelajaran masih tersebar dan menunjukkan hasil yang beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keterkaitan kondisi gizi dengan aspek pembelajaran siswa sekolah dasar serta memetakan perkembangan tema penelitian periode 2021–2026. Penelitian menggunakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA 2020 dan diperkuat dengan analisis bibliometrik menggunakan VOSviewer. Penelusuran pada Google Scholar, Scopus, Semantic Scholar, dan Crossref mengidentifikasi 2.250 rekaman, kemudian melalui proses penyaringan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi diperoleh delapan artikel yang dianalisis secara mendalam. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa pola makan, asupan zat gizi, status antropometri, pengetahuan gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan edukasi gizi berkaitan dengan kondisi dan capaian pembelajaran siswa. Keterkaitan tersebut relatif lebih konsisten pada prestasi akademik dan hasil belajar, sedangkan hubungan dengan konsentrasi dan memori menunjukkan temuan yang lebih heterogen. Analisis bibliometrik memperlihatkan dominasi tema pedagogis dalam jaringan penelitian, sementara isu gizi belum menjadi tema sentral. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi gizi merupakan komponen penting dalam ekosistem pembelajaran, tetapi bukan satu-satunya determinan keberhasilan belajar. Implikasinya, peningkatan kualitas pendidikan dasar perlu mengintegrasikan pembelajaran, edukasi gizi, pola makan sehat, aktivitas fisik, serta kolaborasi berkelanjutan antara sekolah, keluarga, dan tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan menggunakan indikator gizi dan luaran pembelajaran yang lebih komprehensif melalui desain longitudinal.
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